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Early Effects of Simvastatin versus Atorvastatin on Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Hyperlipidemic Subjects

Department of Cardiology, Heraklion University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Evangelos A. Zacharis, MD

Department of Cardiology, Heraklion University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Dragana Nikitovic

Department of Cardiology, Heraklion University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Emmanuel S. Ganotakis, MD

Department of Internal Medicine, Heraklion University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Frangiskos I. Parthenakis, MD

Department of Cardiology, Heraklion University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Niki Maliaraki, MD

Department of Laboratory of Biochemistry, Heraklion University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Panos E. Vardas, MD, PhD

Department of Cardiology, Heraklion University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, cardio{at}med.uoc.gr

The authors investigated the time-dependent action of atorvastatin and simvastatin on oxidative stress and cytokine levels immediately after the start of treatment. These factors play a role in endothelial dysfunction. Hyperlipidemic patients (n=132) were assigned to treatment with 40 mg atorvastatin, 40 mg simvastatin, or placebo. Blood samples were taken before, 2 hours, 24 hours, 7 days, and 3 weeks after the administration of the statin or placebo to evaluate serum concentrations of total peroxides (TP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and soluble intercellular vascular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM 1). In the atorvastatin group the TP changes were significantly different at 2 hours and 24 hours (p=0.005), whereas in the simvastatin group there was a gradual, more or less linear decline in TP until 7 days (p=0.006) and then a plateau. Simvastatin exhibited a faster statistically significant decrease over time in IL-6 and sICAM 1 levels (at 7 days, p=0.014 and p=0.001, respectively). TNF-a demonstrated a faster linear trend in the simvastatin group, but the significant effect appeared late (p=0.006). Both simvastatin and atorvastatin exerted early beneficial effects on oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines, and endothelial activation in hyperlipidemic subjects. These effects became significant 2 hours following the initiation of therapy.

Angiology, Vol. 57, No. 2, 211-218 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/000331970605700212


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