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Effects of a Single Heparin Bolus on Neointimal Growth After Arterial Injury in Intact Rabbits

Heart Institute, University of São Paulo

Francisco R. M. Laurindo

Heart Institute, University of São Paulo

Carlos A. Pasqualucci

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Protásio L. da Luz

Heart Institute, University of São Paulo

Fúlvio Pileggi

Heart Institute, University of São Paulo

Heparinization is a routine procedure during angioplasty; however, its consequences on the late vascular response to a severe injury are unclear. The authors' objective was to explore the effect of a single heparin bolus at the time of a severe vascular injury on late intimal proliferation and neointimal thickening. The iliac artery of 57 normolipemic rabbits was overdistended with a balloon catheter. Heparin (250 IU/kg IV) was given to 29 rabbits ten minutes before angioplasty, whereas 28 rabbits served as untreated controls. Neointimal thickening was prominent at fourteen days after injury and reached near-maximal values at day 28. The intimal/medial area ratio was reduced by an average 28.3% with heparin (at day 28: 2.19 ± 0.51 vs 1.57 ± 0.59, control vs heparin, P = 0.02). Neointimal cells stained positively for HHF-35 antibody, directed against smooth muscle cell antigens. Neointimal proliferation, quantified through the number of cell nuclei peroxidase-stained for PCNA/cyclin antigen, was significantly decreased by 43% and 49% with heparin, respectively, at days 7 and 14 after injury. These data suggest that early exposure even to low doses of heparin accounts for much of its inhibitory effect in vascular response to injury; such an effect might prove important in interpreting results of human trials of interventions against restenosis.

Angiology, Vol. 47, No. 6, 549-556 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/000331979604700603


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