This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Fowkes, F.G.R. Articles by Lee, A.J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Fowkes, F.G.R. Articles by Lee, A.J. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Risk Factor Profile of Nonsmokers with Peripheral Arterial Disease

Wolfson Unit for Prevention of Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland

J.T. Dunbar

Wolfson Unit for Prevention of Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland

A.J. Lee

Wolfson Unit for Prevention of Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland

Cigarette smoking is a very common and important risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) such that a history of never having smoked is unusual in diseased subjects. The aim of this study was to determine whether never smokers with PAD had a unique risk factor profile that put them at particularly high risk of disease. The study population was derived from the Edinburgh Artery Study, which is a cross-sectional random sample survey of 1592 men and women aged fifty-five to seventy-four years. PAD was measured by means of the WHO questionnaire on intermittent claudication, the ankle brachial pressure index, and a reactive hyperemia test. Cigarette smoking was measured by use of a standardized questionnaire. In the 561 subjects who had never smoked, 32 (5.7%) had PAD as compared with 12.3% in ex-smokers and 17.8% in current smokers. The never smokers with disease were slightly older and were more likely to be female than the current smokers. They had a higher body mass index, serum cholesterol (non-HDL), HDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and glucose intolerance, although a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) between never and current smokers was found only for body mass index. The risks of disease associated with each risk factor were not significantly different. The authors conclude that a unique risk factor profile for disease was not apparent among subjects who had never smoked, although never smokers were more likely to be women and to have higher levels of other risk factors.

Angiology, Vol. 46, No. 8, 657-662 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/000331979504600803


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?