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Higher Recurrence Rate After Coronary Angioplasty in Unstable Angina Pectoris

Department of Cardiology, University of Göteborg, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden

Lars Ekström

Department of Cardiology, University of Göteborg, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden

Håkan Emanuelsson

Department of Cardiology, University of Göteborg, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden

Purpose: Recurrent stenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary an gioplasty (PTCA) is a significant problem, requiring repeat dilation in about one-third of all treated patients. Various clinical and procedure-related predic tors have been proposed. Between 1983 and 1987, 257 patients underwent 322 procedures, where 380 stenoses were attempted. Indications were: stable angina pectoris 73 %, unstable angina pectoris 22 %, other indication 5%. The primary success rate was defined as a <50% remaining postprocedure stenosis.

Findings: Repeat angiograms were done for 88 % of the initially successful cases, either six months after PTCA or if there was a clinical recurrence. Restenosis was defined as a recurrence of a more than 50% diameter stenosis. The restenosis rate was 33 % and was significantly higher (p<0.05) for unstable (46 % ) than for stable angina pectoris (29%). There was a nonsignificant tendency to a higher restenosis rate in the left anterior descending artery than in the other coronary vessels.

Implications: The increased restenosis rate seen after PTCA for unstable angina pectoris could be caused by a higher activity in systems affecting the proliferative processes in the smooth muscle cells of the arterial wall, which is thought to form the pathophysiologic basis for restenosis after PTCA.

Angiology, Vol. 42, No. 4, 273-280 (1991)
DOI: 10.1177/000331979104200403


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